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The genus Eucyclops is the most speciose of the cyclopoid copepod subfamily
Eucyclopinae. It presently includes 136 nominal species and subspecies, some of them strongly requiring revision or redescription.
Suarez-Morales (2004) divided the species of Eucyclops into three subgenera, Eucyclops s.str.,
which contains most of the known species, Stygocyclops Plesa, 1971, with only one species,
and Isocyclops Kiefer, 1957 for endemic forms of Lake Baikal (Dussart & Defaye
2001). In the following list these questionable subgenera are provisionally included in the genus Eucyclops s. l.
Species in the genus Eucyclops have a fifth leg of one distinct segment which bears three terminal spines or setae, 12 antennule segments, and relatively long caudal rami. The females have a row of small spines along the outer margin of their caudal rami.
Because of its diversification, the genus Eucyclops contains several problematic taxa; some
species groups show a high intraspecific morphological variability. This, together with
incomplete descriptions, has generated a taxonomic history that includes many species
with an uncertain status (Collado et al. 1984; Reid 1985; Ishida 1997) and a complex taxonomy
that relies on only a few relatively stable characters.
One of the most relevant cases of taxonomical confusion includes E. serrulatus Fischer, 1851 and E. agilis (Koch, 1838),
each one considered as a synonym of the other by two diverging streams of opinion (Yeatman
1959; Reid 1985; Ishida 1998); these two widely distributed nominal species, and
also E. speratus (Lilljeborg, 1901) are undergoing taxonomical revision to evaluate cosmopolitanism.
From an ecological point of view,
species of Eucyclops occur as planktonic or littoral epibenthic forms in
ponds and lakes worldwide (Williamson & Reid 2001) (from: Suarez-Morales, 2005).
Eucyclops abdelkader Dumont & Pensaert, 1979 [Algerie, Giordanie; fresh waters]
Eucyclops acanthoides (Van Douwe, 1914) [Africa; fresh waters]
Eucyclops agilis (Koch, 1838) [north and central America; fresh waters, cenotes] (4)
Eucyclops agiloides agiloides (G.O. Sars, 1909) [Africa, Asia; fresh waters]
Eucyclops agiloides acorensis Defaye & Dussart, 1991 [Portugal, Acores; fresh waters]
Eucyclops alticola Kiefer, 1957 [Perù, Bolivia; fresh waters]
Eucyclops angustus (G.O. Sars, 1909) [Tanganika, lakes]
Eucyclops arcanus Alekseev, 1990 [Siberia; lakes, meiobenthos, springs]
Eucyclops ariguanabensis Brehm, 1948 [Cuba; fresh waters]
Eucyclops asymmetricus Dumont & Pensaert, 1979 [Algerie, Tunisie; fresh waters]
Eucyclops australiensis Morton, 1990 [Australia; fresh waters] [PDF]
Eucyclops bathanalicola Boxshall & Strong, 2006 [Tanganika lake]
Eucyclops baylyi Morton, 1990 [Australia; lakes, swamps] [PDF]
Eucyclops birmanus birmanus Lindberg, 1949 [Birmanie; fresh waters] (3)
Eucyclops birmanus aequatorialis Dussart & Fernando, 1985 [New Guinea; lakes]
Eucyclops biwensis Ishida, 1998 [Japan; lakes]
Eucyclops bondi Kiefer, 1934 [central and south America, Yucatan; fresh surface and ground waters (cenotes)]
Eucyclops borealis Ishida, 2001 [Alaska; ponds]
Eucyclops breviramatus Loffler, 1963 [Equator; fresh waters]
Eucyclops bryophilus Lindberg, 1950 [India; lakes]
Eucyclops caparti Lindberg, 1951 [Tanganika; lakes]
Eucyclops chivahensis Lindberg, 1960 [Afghanistan; fresh waters]
Eucyclops ciliatus (G.O. Sars, 1909) [Tanganika; lakes]
Eucyclops congolensis Lindberg, 1951 [Zaire; lakes]
Eucyclops conrowae Reid, 1992 [USA, Yucatan; cenotes,everglades]
Eucyclops delachauxi (Kiefer, 1925) [Perù; lakes]
Eucyclops demacedoi Lindberg, 1957 [Perù; fresh waters] (3)
Eucyclops dubius (G.O. Sars, 1909) [Tanganika; lakes]
Eucyclops dumonti Alekseev, 2000 [Mogolia; fresh waters, springs] [PDF] [PDF2]
Eucyclops elburziensis (Lindberg, 1941) [Iran; fresh waters]
Eucyclops elegans (Herrick, 1884) [USA; fresh waters] (1) [PDF]
Eucyclops ensifer Kiefer, 1936 [south America; fresh waters]
Eucyclops euacanthus euacanthus (G.O. Sars, 1909) [Afria, Asia; fresh waters]
Eucyclops euacanthus simplex Lindberg, 1952 [Madagascar; lakes]
Eucyclops euacanthus lanceolata Dussart, 1974 [Ethiopie; lakes]
Eucyclops farsicus Lindberg, 1941 [Iran; fresh waters]
Eucyclops festivus Lindberg, 1955 [Mexico; fresh waters]
Eucyclops glaber kiefer, 1935 [Africa; fresh waters]
Eucyclops graeteri (Chappuis, 1927) [Europe; ground waters]
Eucyclops hadjebensis (Kiefer, 1926) [Africa, Balearic Islands; fresh waters] [PDF] [PDF2]
Eucyclops ibleicus Pesce & Galassi 1987 [Italy, Sicily; wells] [PDF]
Eucyclops inarmatus Kiefer 1932 [Bosnia, Herzegovina, hyporheic] (1)
Eucyclops indicus (Kiefer, 1927) [India; fresh waters]
Eucyclops laevimargo (G.O. Sars, 1909) [Tanganika; lakes]
Eucyclops leptacanthus Kiefer, 1956 [Venezuela, Costa Rica, Brazil?; fresh waters, marshes, caves]
Eucyclops leschermoutouae Alekseev & Defaye, 2004 [Majorca; wells]
Eucyclops longispinosus Pesce & Galassi 1987 [Italy, Sicily; wells] [PDF]
Eucyclops macruroides macruroides (Lilljeborg, 1901) [Europe, Africa, Asia; fresh waters]
Eucyclops macruroides denticulatus (Graeter, 1903) [cosmpolitan, except Australia; fresh waters]
Eucyclops macrurus macrurus (G.O.Sars, 1863) [cosmopolitan, except Australia; fresh waters]
Eucyclops macrurus damianae (Petkovski 1971) [Europe; ground waters]
Eucyclops macrurus intermedius Damian 1955 [Europe; ground waters]
Eucyclops macrurus naphaeus (Petkovski 1971) [Europe; ground waters]
Eucyclops madagascariensis (Kiefer, 1926) [Madagascar; fresh waters]
Eucyclops microdenticulatus Lindberg, 1940 [India; lakes]
Eucyclops miurai Ito 1952 [Japan; ground waters]
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Eucyclops mozhae Baribwegure & Dumon, 2000 [Soqotra, Indian Ocean]
Eucyclops neocaledoniensis Dussart, 1984 [New Caledonia; lakes, interstitial] (left) [PDF] [PDF2]
Eucyclops neomacruroides dussart & Fernando, 1990 [Canada; fresh waters]
Eucyclops neotropicus Kiefer, 1936 [Brazil;artificial lakes]
Eucyclops neumani neumani (Pesta, 1927) [South America; fresh waters] [PDF]
Eucyclops neumani titicacae Kiefer, 1957 [Perù; lakes]
Eucyclops nichollsi Brehm, 1950 [Tasmanie; fresh waters]
Eucyclops nudus Kiefer, 1935 [Africa; fresh waters]
Eucyclops ohtakai Ishida, 2000 [Japan; lakes, marshes, streams]
Eucyclops orthostylis Lindberg, 1952 [Caspian Sea; brackish waters] |
Eucyclops pacificus Ishida, 2000 [Japan; streams, ponds, lakes]
Eucyclops parvicornis Harding, 1942 [Malawi, Tanzania; lakes]
Eucyclops paucidenticulatus Lindberg, 1951 [Tanganika; lakes]
Eucyclops pectinifer (Crogin, 1887) [USA; lakes] (3) [PDF]
Eucyclops permixtus Kiefer, 1928 [Asia; fresh waters]
Eucyclops persistens Monchenko 1978 [Black Sea; brackish waters]
Eucyclops persistens tauricus Monchenko & Sopova 1984 [Black Sea; brackish waters] (3)
Eucyclops porrectus Kiefer, 1932 [Yugoslavia; lakes]
Eucyclops prionophorus Kiefer, 1931 [North and south America; fresh waters]
Eucyclops productus Kiefer, 1936 [India; lakes]
Eucyclops pseudoensifer Dussart, 1984 [Venezuela; lakes] [PDF]
Eucyclops puteincola Kiefer 1981 [Syrie; wells]
Eucyclops rarispinus (G.O. Sars, 1909) [Tanganika; lakes]
Eucyclops roseus Ishida, 1997 [Japan; fresh waters]
Eucyclops ruttneri Kiefer, 1933 [Sumatra, Australia; fresh waters]
Eucyclops semidenticulatus Lindberg, 1940 [India; fresh waters]
Eucyclops semiserratus (G.O. Sars, 1909) [Tanganika; lakes]
Eucyclops serrulatus serrulatus (Fischer, 1851) [cosmopolitan ; fresh, brackish surface and ground waters] [PDF]
Eucyclops serrulatus baicalocorrepus Mazepova, 1955 [Baikal]
Eucyclops serrulatus chilensis Loffler, 1961 [Chile; fresh waters]
Eucyclops serrulatus defecta (Lindberg, 1937) [India ?, Switzerland; fresh waters]
Eucyclops serrulatus extensus Hsiao, 1950 [China; fresh waters]
Eucyclops serrulatus var. nagasakai (Ueno, 1934) [Japan, China; fresh waters]
Eucyclops serrulatus proximus (Lilljeborg, 1901) [nord Europe; fresh waters]
Eucyclops serrulatus suecicus Lindberg, 1950 [Sweden; fresh waters]
Eucyclops serrulatus tovelanus Baldi, 1941 [north Italy; lakes] (5)
Eucyclops serrulatus tropicalis Dussart & Fernando, 1985 [Sri Lanka; lakes] [PDF]
Eucyclops silvestrii (Brian, 1927) [South America; fresh waters]
Eucyclops siolii Herbst, 1963 [Brazil; fresh waters, rivers]
Eucyclops solitarius Herbst, 1959 [Brazil; small water bodies, stream and spring sedimentslakes]
Eucyclops spatharum Harding, 1942 [Africa; lakes] (3)
Eucyclops spatulatus Morton, 1990 [Australia, lakes] [PDF]
Eucyclops speratus speratus (Lilljeborg, 1901) [cosmopolitan, except Australia; fresh waters] [PDF]
Eucyclops speratus ifniensis Dumont & Decraemer, 1977 [Morocco: lakes] [PDF]
Eucyclops speratus var. tasmanica Brehm, 1953 [Tasmanie; lakes]
Eucyclops stuhlmanni stuhlmanni (Mrazek, 1895) [Africa; lakes]
Eucyclops stuhlmanni f. minor Kiefer, 1952 [Africa; lakes]
Eucyclops stuhlmanni tepidus Kiefer, 1952 [Africa; lakes]
Eucyclops stuhlmanni echinatus (Kiefer, 1926) [Madagascar; lakes]
Eucyclops subciliatus Dussart, 1984 [Brazil; fresh waters marshes] [PDF]
Eucyclops sublaevis (G.O. Sars, 1927) [Tanganika; lakes]
Eucyclops subterraneus subterraneus (Graeter 1907) [Europe, Japan; hyporheic] (2) [PDF]
Eucyclops subterraneus damianae Petkovski, 1971 [Italy, Yugoslavie; wells, hyporheic]
Eucyclops subterraneus naphaeus Petkovski, 1971 [Yugoslavia; fresh waters]
Eucyclops subterraneus scythicus Plesa 1989 [Yugoslavie?, Romania, Movile cave; fresh waters] (3)
Eucyclops subterraneus intermedius (Damian 1955) (syn. E. macrurus intermedius) [Europe; ground waters] [PDF]
Eucyclops teras (Graeter 1907) [Switzerland, hyporheic]
Eucyclops thienemanni Kiefer, 1930 [Java; fresh waters]
Eucyclops torresphilipi Surez-Morales, 2004 [Mexico; fresh waters] [PDF]
Eucyclops tsushimensis Ishida, 2001 [Japan; streams]
Eucyclops turcomanus Lindberg, 1959 [Afghanistan, Algerie; fresh waters] [PDF]
Eucyclops van douwei (Brehm, 1909) [Africa; fresh waters]
(1) according to many authors syn. of E. speratus
(2) = E. graeteri Chappuis 1927 (?)
(3) questionable taxa
(4) synonym of E. serrulatus according to Dussart & Defaye (1985); recently, Wood & Gunn (2000) reported this species from cave waters of England.
(5) synonym of Eucyclops serrulatus s.str. (Mastrantuono & Mancinelli,1996)
| PHYLOGENY OF THE EUCYCLOPS SERRULATUS GROUP | [PDF]
RELEVANT REFERENCES
Alekseev, V.R. 2000. Eucyclops dumonti sp. nov. from Central Mongolia. Hydrobiologia, 441, 63–
71.
Alekseev, V; Dumont, H.; Pensaert, J.; Baribwegure, D.; Vanfleteren, J. 2006.
A redescription of Eucyclops serrulatus (Fischer, 1851) (Crustacea: Copepoda: Cyclopoida) and some related taxa, with a phylogeny of the E. serrulatus-group. Zoologica Scripta, 123-147(25).
Collado, C., Defaye, D., Dussart, B. H. & Fernando, C. H. (1984) The freshwater Copepoda (Crustacea)
of Costa Rica with notes on some species. Hydrobiologia, 119, 89–99.
Dussart, B.H. & Defaye, D. (1985) Répertoire mondial des copépodes cyclopoides. C.N.R.S. Paris.
236 pp.
Ishida, T. (1997) Eucyclops roseus, a new Eurasian copepod, and the E. serrulatus-speratus problem
in Japan. Japanese Journal of Limnology, 58(4), 349–358.
Ishida, T. (1998) Freshwater copepods from the east coast of Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Journal
of Marine Systems, 15, 391–396.
Karaytug, S. (1999) Copepoda: Cyclopoida. Genera Paracyclops, Ochridacyclops and Key to the
Eucyclopinae. Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters
of the World. H.J.F. Dumont (ed.). SPB Academic Publishing, The Netherlands, The Hague.
14, 1–224.
Kiefer, F. (1925) Ein neuer Süsswasser-Cyclopiden aus Südamerika: Cyclops delachauxi n.sp.
Zoologischer Anzeiger, 63, 46–47.
Kiefer, F. (1926) Über einige Süsswasser Cyclopiden au Peru. Archives für Hydrobiologie, 16,
494–507.
Lindberg, K. (1954) Cyclopides (Crustacés copépodes) de l'Amérique du Sud. Arkiv för Zoologi,
7(11), 193–222.
Lindberg, K. (1955) Cyclopoïdes (Crustacés copépodes) du Mexique. Arkiv för Zoologi, 7(23),
459–489.
Reid, J.W. (1985) Chave de identificação e lista de referências bibliográficas para as espécies continentais
sulamericanas de vida livre da Ordem Cyclopoida (Crustacea, Copepoda). Boletim de
Zoología, Universidade de Sâo Paulo, 9, 17–143.
Reid, J.W. (1992) Copepoda (Crustacea) from fresh waters of the Florida Everglades, U.S.A., with
a description of Eucyclops conrowae n.sp. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society,
111, 229–254.
Suárez-Morales E (2004) A new species of Eucyclops Claus (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) from
Southeast Mexico with a key for the identification of the species
recorded in Mexico. Zootaxa 617: 1–18
Suárez-Morales, E., Reid, J.W., Fiers, F. & Iliffe, T.M. (2004). Historical biogeography and distribution
of the freshwater cyclopine copepods (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Cyclopinae) of the
Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Journal of Biogeography, 31, 1051–1063.
Williamson, C.E. & Reid, J.W. (1990) Copepoda. In: Thorpe, J.H. & Covich, A.P. (Eds) Ecology
and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates. 2nd edition. Academic Press,
San Diego, pp. 915–954.
Yeatman, H.C. (1959) Free-living Copepoda: Cyclopoida. In: Edmonson, W.T. (Ed). Ward &
Whippleís Freshwater Biology, 2nd. Ed. Wiley, New York, pp. 795–815.
| PAGE UPDATED MAY 29. 2008 |
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