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The Canthocamptidae are harpacticoids living in continental waters, from the Arctic to the Antarctic, in about all types of water bodies and wetlands, most common in lake meiobenthos.
The family contains today 58 valid genera and more than 700 species, 500 of which are ascribed to the complex Attheyella-Elaphoidella-Bryocamptus. The presence of a prehensile P1 endopodite let us to consider Attheyella (Mrazekiella) and Canthocamptus as probably the most primitive freshwater Canthocamptidae From a biogeographical point of view the distribution of the Canthocamptidae indicates a Pangean origin, and a vicariant biogeography, with indications that the most primitive groups are Holarctic-Laurasian. Several genera, such as Canthocamptus, Arcticocamptus, Attheyella s.str., Mrazekiella, and Moraria, are typically holarctic.
The family includes two subfamilies, Hemimesochrinae Por, 1986 with the following genera: Heteropsyllus, Hemimesochra, Nannomesochra, Mesopsyllus, Poria, Psammocamptus, Dahkalia, Bathycamptus, Boreolimella, Perucamptus, Pusillargillus, Carolinicola, Sympodella and Isthmiocaris and Canthocamptinae Brady, 1880 with the all remainig genera. More recently Gomez & Rivera (2022) proposed a new subfamily, Cletocamptinae to include Amphibiperita, Cletocamptus and Cletocamptoides defined by synapomorphic subdistal ventral spinules on the rostrum, as well proposed a new genus Cletocamptoides for C. helobius,
Stenocaris Sars,1909
Stenocaropsis Apostolov, 1982
Stygepactophanes Moeschler & Rouch, 1984
Taurocletodes Kunz, 1975
Thermomesochra Ito & Burton, 1960
Vibriopsyllus Kornev & Chertoprud, 2008 (syn. Mesopsyllus Por, 1960)
To this family should be ascribred also the genus Cletocamptus (Walter, T.C.; Boxshall, G. (2021). World of Copepods Database. Cletocamptus Schmankevitsch, 1875. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=115237 on 2021-06-10 Bodin (1997) and Por (1986) tentatively included also the genus Cletocamptus Schmankevitch 1875 in this family. Later, Mielke (2000) pointed out that "the situation of the genus Cletocamptus is complex and in some respectes inconsistent". At present time, some authors include this genus among the Cletodidae, others (Por, 1986; Mielke, 2000) consider it among Canthocamptidae incertae sedis. According to Mielke (2000) this "uncertainty is due to the conjecture that the two families, Canthocamptidae and Cletodidae, appear to be poly- or paraphyletic assemblages". Pending a definitive review of these families, this genus Cletocamptus is herein provisonally placed in the Cletodidae sensu Scott, 1905. The genus Neomaraenobiotus Flossner, 1992 is a junior synonym of Gulcamptus Miura, 1969 (Reid & Ishida, 1996)
Leimia Willey, 1923
Recently George & Schminke (2003) and Karaytug & Huys (2004) reallocated the above genera to Canthocamptidae.
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